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Title
Martin Heidegger's #Being-and-Time == M.H.-B.a.T.
Lugwig Wittgenstein's #Philosophical #Investigations == L.W.-P.I.
#Rules
#Skills
and
Rules and Skills - related Medium article
But merely a single and simple move made by both #L.W. and #M.H. is enough to dismantle both ...
There's a lot going on in #B.a.T. and #P.I.
Epistemological Skepticism
Anti-realism
and
... and it is the story about #SKILL and following #RULES
How do humans acquire skills?
By #practicing
By #playing / #experimenting / #trial-and-error / #trying-things-out
By #imitating
By being #coached / #instructed / #trained
By being #embedded in the world ... we literally can't help but acquire skills.
The coach says: #Do-X ... the apprentice #tries to do X.
The #coach tells the #apprentice whether they did X, or how well or badly they did X
#repeat
The #coach breaks skills down into #sub-skills and #trains the #apprentice in each of the sub-skills , and then trains the apprentice to #combine the sub-skills
At one time you couldn't do it ... #now you have to really #concentrate or pay #attention to not do it !
We are coupled with the world ... the world gives us #continuous #feedback in respect of the consequences and outcomes of our actions
#Tools become #transparent as we become #familiar with them and how to use them ie. as we become more #skilful
As far as human beings are concerned, the #world is not usually composed of #objects ( #substances ) at all ... its composed of #TOOLS
( and #other-people - which is a whole other conversation )
The primary #connection between the #humans and the #world is not via #perception or via #cognition or even some combination thereof ... it is via #SKILL
The world we each get to live in is a function of the #skills we have.
#Skills (like tools) are #transparent
We are typically #not able to say what #rules we are following when skilfully dealing with the world in a particular way.
When learning a new skill we try to #apply #rules , but rules only take us so far.
#L.W. points out in #P.I. that it is not possible to specify the rules for following a rule
This is obvious when you think about it, because it leads to an infinite regress.
How do we know how to apply a rule ? It can't be by means of the rule applying rule, because then it can just be asked how we know how to apply that rule.
How then is it possible to follow a rule ?
In other words we have a whole load of #tacit-knowledge ie. #know-how that we bring when we apply a rule - know-how that we don't even need to think about
Know-how that we possibly may not even have words for or conceptual understand of
#Applying-a-rule involves #performing-a-skill ... and skills are transparent
Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language - Wikipedia
“Hence it is not possible to obey a rule ‘privately’: otherwise thinking one was obeying a rule would be the same as obeying it.”
#tacit-knowledge = #know-how = #transparent-skills
performative knowledge i.e. know-how involves #time - activity happens (can only happen) in time and space
#performative knowledge is a function of our embeddedness
#L.W.-P.I. approach is to ask #awkward #questions
#M.H.-B.a.T. approach is to assert the #primacy of the #experience and #behaviour
These two approaches come together in this extraordinary moment in philosophy where the #ungroundness of rule following is balanced by our #embeddedness as skillful agents
How does embeddedness defeat #E.S. and #A.R. ?
Philosophical Investigations Summary - eNotes.com
SparkNotes: Philosophical Investigations: General Summary
Philosophical Investigations - Wikipedia
Ludwig Wittgenstein (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Philosophical skepticism - Wikipedia
Title
Martin Heidegger's #Being-and-Time == M.H.-B.a.T.
Lugwig Wittgenstein's #Philosophical #Investigations == L.W.-P.I.
#Rules
#Skills
and
But merely a single and simple move made by both #L.W. and #M.H. is enough to dismantle both ...
There's a lot going on in #B.a.T. and #P.I.
Epistemological Skepticism
Anti-realism
and
... and it is the story about #SKILL and following #RULES
How do humans acquire skills?
By #practicing
By #playing / #experimenting / #trial-and-error / #trying-things-out
By #imitating
By being #coached / #instructed / #trained
By being #embedded in the world ... we literally can't help but acquire skills.
The coach says: #Do-X ... the apprentice #tries to do X.
The #coach tells the #apprentice whether they did X, or how well or badly they did X
#repeat
The #coach breaks skills down into #sub-skills and #trains the #apprentice in each of the sub-skills , and then trains the apprentice to #combine the sub-skills
At one time you couldn't do it ... #now you have to really #concentrate or pay #attention to not do it !
We are coupled with the world ... the world gives us #continuous #feedback in respect of the consequences and outcomes of our actions
#Tools become #transparent as we become #familiar with them and how to use them ie. as we become more #skilful
As far as human beings are concerned, the #world is not usually composed of #objects ( #substances ) at all ... its composed of #TOOLS
( and #other-people - which is a whole other conversation )
The primary #connection between the #humans and the #world is not via #perception or via #cognition or even some combination thereof ... it is via #SKILL
The world we each get to live in is a function of the #skills we have.
#Skills (like tools) are #transparent
We are typically #not able to say what #rules we are following when skilfully dealing with the world in a particular way.
When learning a new skill we try to #apply #rules , but rules only take us so far.
#L.W. points out in #P.I. that it is not possible to specify the rules for following a rule
This is obvious when you think about it, because it leads to an infinite regress.
How do we know how to apply a rule ? It can't be by means of the rule applying rule, because then it can just be asked how we know how to apply that rule.
How then is it possible to follow a rule ?
In other words we have a whole load of #tacit-knowledge ie. #know-how that we bring when we apply a rule - know-how that we don't even need to think about
Know-how that we possibly may not even have words for or conceptual understand of
Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language - Wikipedia
“Hence it is not possible to obey a rule ‘privately’: otherwise thinking one was obeying a rule would be the same as obeying it.”
#tacit-knowledge = #know-how = #transparent-skills
performative knowledge i.e. know-how involves #time - activity happens (can only happen) in time and space
#performative knowledge is a function of our embeddedness
#L.W.-P.I. approach is to ask #awkward #questions
#M.H.-B.a.T. approach is to assert the #primacy of the #experience and #behaviour
These two approaches come together in this extraordinary moment in philosophy where the #ungroundness of rule following is balanced by our #embeddedness as skillful agents
How does embeddedness defeat #E.S. and #A.R. ?